24-1
Herbastus
de CREPON is printed as #22-51.
24-3
William
BELLEME was born about 979 in Normandy, France. He married Matilda
GANELON.
24-4
Matilda
GANELON was born about 980 in Normandy, France.
24-5
Arnulf
was
born about 940 in France.
24-7
Seisyll
ap EDNYWAIN, son of Ednowain, was born about 938 in Wales. He
married Prawst verch ELISE.
24-8
Prawst
verch ELISE, daughter of Elise ap Anarawd and Angharad verch Llewelyn,was
born about 940 in Gwynedd, Wales.
24-9
Maredydd
ap OWAIN, son of Owain ap Hywel, was born about 938 in Dynevor
Castle, Carmarthshire, Wales. He died in 999.
"Maredudd ap Owain, Prince of Deheubarth who succeeded his father Owain ap Hywel Dha as ruler of South Wales/Deheubarth in 986. Maredudd conquered Gwynedd and temporarily united Wales once more, but his reign was a troubled one. From their strongholds in Dublin and the Isle of Man, the Norsemen ravaged the coast of Wales. It was recorded in 987 that two thousand men of the island of Anglesey were seized and sold as slaves. In 989 Maredudd was obliged to raise a penny poll-tax to bribe the Norsemen to stay away. Died in 999."
http://www3.sympatico.ca/robert.sewell/powys.html
24-11
Richard
I "Sans Peur", Duke Of NORMANDY is printed as #23-17.
24-12
Gonnor
de CREPON, DUCHESS OF NORMANDY is printed as #23-18.
24-13
Conan
I, Duke of BRETAGNE was born in 927 in Bretagne, France. He died on
29 June 992. He married Ermangarde D' ANJOU about 952 in France.
24-14
Ermangarde
D' ANJOU was born about 952 in Anjou, France. She died on 27 Jun 992.
24-15
Guillaume
I "Longue Epbee", Duke of NORMANDY, son of Rollo Rognvaldsson, and
Poppa, Duchess of Normandy, was born about 900 in Normandie, Neustria.
He died on 17 Dec 942 in France. He married Sprote de BRETAGNE about 932
in Normandy, France.
"The territory handed over to the authority of Count Robert (Rollo) was
not to have a destiny of any certainty. It could have been the same as
that of the Normans installed on the Loire in the same period, who were
finally eliminated from the area between 937 and 939. Rollo's successors
managed, however, to establish themselves as the dominant princes of this
kingdom.
William Longsword succeeded Rollo in 933. He was the son of one of Rollo's
Frankish Christian concubines, Popa, the daughter of the vanquished Count
of Bayeux, and was himself, therefore, an example of the rapid assimilation
of the conquerors.
In 933, William managed to take back Cotentin and Avranchin from the Bretons.
King Ralph (923-936) helped him in this enterprise and in exchange
received the homage due from a vassal. However, it was the Count of Rouen
who actually held the power in the vanquished territories.
At the same time William needed to confirm his control over the Irish-Norwegian
elements established in Cotentin and Bessin. It would appear that the rebels
were keen to retain their peaceful roots, and the Scandinavian traditions
of organisation based on a land holding free of the control of a political
authority. They were thus ill-disposed to enter into the bonds of dependency
which were developing in Frankish society and which the new count did not
hesitate to turn to his own advantage.
In the Frankish kingdom William became involved in the conflicts facing
the leaders of the aristocracy and the Carolingian King Louis IV (936-954)
under the gaze of the powerful king of Germany, Otto. The Count of Rouen
played on the competition between the two authorities to which, in theory,
he was answerable, the King of France, and his direct overlord Hugh the
Great, heir to the prerogatives of the Marquis of Neustria, Duke of the
Franks. In general William allied himself with Hugh the Great, but in 940
he provisionally changed sides and obtained from Louis IV the renewal of
the concession granted to Rollo. In 942 he was killed in an ambush set
by the Count of Flanders who was hostile to the rise in Norman power.
From the second generation, William Longsword had been the first authentically
Christian Norman prince, notably supporting the restoration of the abbey
of Jumièges. He won the hand in marriage of the daughter of the
Count of Vermandois and thus entered into the society of the most powerful
lords of the kingdom."
http://www.mondes-normands.caen.fr/angleterre/histoires/1/histoireNorm1_4.htm
24-16
Sprote
de BRETAGNE, daughter of Hubert, Count of Senlis, was born about
911 in Bretagne.
24-17
Herbastus
De CREPON is printed as #22-51.
24-19 Kenneth II, King of SCOTLAND, son of Malcolm I, King of Scotland, was born about 932 in Scotland. He died in 995 in Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland. He was buried in Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland.
"d. 995, Fettercairn, Scot. King of the united Picts and Scots (from 971),
son of Malcolm I. He began his reign by ravaging the Britons, probably
as an act of vengeance, but his name is also included among a group of
northern and western kings said to have made submission to the Anglo-Saxon
king Edgar in 973, perhaps at Chester; and the chronicler Roger of Wendover
(Flores Historiarum, under the year 975) states that shortly afterward
Kenneth received from Edgar all the land called Lothian (i.e., between
the Tweed and the Forth rivers). This is the first mention of the River
Tweed as the recognized border between England and Scotland. Kenneth was
slain, apparently by his own subjects, at Fettercairn in the Mearns."
http://www.corriebusinessgroup.com/research/kings2.php
24-11
Sigurd
was
born about 930 in Scotland.
24-13
STYRBIORN
was
born about 928 in Scotland.
24-15
Edgar
"The Peaceable", King of ENGLAND was born about 943 in Wessex, England.
He died on 8 Jul 975 in Wessex, England. He married Elfrida (Elfthryth)
in 964 in Wessex, England.
"Edgar was made King of Mercia and Northumbria in 957 and succeed to the
throne of Wessex at his brother, Eadwig's, death in 959. With this, Edgar
was King of Mercia, Northumbria and Wessex (the three most powerful kingdoms
in England at that time), simultaneously and could be considered the first
ruler of a United England.
Some of his predecessors were Kings of All England by virtue of being King
of Wessex and, at the same time, enjoying a temporary military ascendancy
over the other kingdoms. He was formally crowned in 973 and received the
ceremonial submission of all the other kings in Britain. He wisely recalled
(St.) Dunstan from exile and made him Archbishop of Canterbury and his
closest personal advisor. His reign was prosperous and peaceful and he
is generally credited with the revival of the English church."
http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon12.html
"King Edgar was the youngest child of King Edmund the Magnificent and St.Aelfgith.
His mother died the year after his birth and his father when he was only
three. He was, therefore, fostered by Aethelstan Half-King, the Ealdorman
of East Anglia, and his wife, Aelfwinn. The family were keen supporters
of monastic reform and Edgar's education was therefore placed in the hands
of the movement's mastermind, St. Aethelwold, Abbot of Abingdon.
In AD 955, Edgar's uncle, King Edred, died and his elder brother, the fourteen
year old Edwig, became King. However, when Edgar reached the same age two
years later, the kingdom was divided and he was given the Northern regions
of Mercia and Northumbria, while Edwig retained Wessex. Edgar immediately
recalled his uncle's advisor, St. Dunstan, from exile and made him Bishop
of Worcester, before his transfer to London. Edwig died in AD 959 and Edgar
became King of all England. Dunstan was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
and Edgar naturally associated himself with the prelate's extension of
monastic reforms. The establishment of English Benedictine monasteries
across the country became the central policy of Edgar's reign. Though hugely
successful, it was not universally popular. Vast areas of land were arbitrarily
put under Church control, provoking considerable resentment which was to
destabilize his son's reign.
Though a good king, Edgar was not overly religious. About AD 960, he married
Ethelflaed Eneda (White-Duck), the daughter of a Hertfordshire nobleman
named Ordmaer. She seems to have been some relation of Edgar's foster-father,
Aethelstan of East Anglia. They had one son, Edward, before the lady died,
around AD 963. The following year, Edgar heard of another great beauty,
Aelfthrith the daughter of the Devonshire Thegn, Ordgar. He sent his foster-brother,
Ealdorman Aethelwold of East Anglia to check her out; but the young man
found her so stunning that he secretly married her and settled in distant
Devon. Hearing that his foster-brother had married, but not to whom, the
King insisted the newly-weds visit him at Court. Discovering Aethelwold's
duplicitous nature, Edgar took him out hunting in Harewood Forest (Hampshire)
and thrust a javelin through his back! After Ethelflaed's death, Edgar
tried to persuade his lover, Wulfthrith, to marry him but the relationship
seems to have been somewhat one-sided and she fled back to the safety of
the confines of Wilton. He turned to Aethelwold's widow instead and the
two were married in AD 964.
Though Edgar had almost certainly been crowned King of Wessex at Kingston-upon-Thames,
early in his reign, by AD 973, he wished to mark a new stage in the development
of Anglo-Saxon kingship with a great coronation ceremony on the Mercian-Wessex
border at Bath. In this ancient Imperial city, he was officially declared
King of the English. Then he showed his extensive and effective military
power, by marching his army north - swelled with Viking warriors - in a
great show of strength. His navy joined him in Chester where the kings
of the north assembled to submit to his overlordship: King Kenneth of Scots,
King Malcolm of the Cumbrians, King Magnus of Man and the Isles, King Donald
of Strathclyde, Joint-King Hywel of Gwynedd, Joint-King Iago of Gwynedd,
King Idwallon of Morgannwg and King Sigefrith (possibly a deputy in Norse
York). According to tradition, originating with Florence of Worcester,
they rowed King Edgar up River Dee, from the Royal palace to the monastery
of St. John the Baptist. Edgar died on 8th July AD 975 and was buried in
St. Dunstan's abbey at Glastonbury (Somerset) where he was revered as a
saint, presumably for his monastic reforms and the stability he brought
to the country."
http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/adversaries/bios/edgar.html
24-16
Elfrida
(Elfthryth), was born about 947 in Devonshire, England. She died in
1000.
"Elfrida, Elfthryth queen - married to King Edgar "the Peaceable," stepmother of Edward "the Martyr" and mother of King Ethelred (Aethelred) II "the Unready". Her father was Earl of Devon, Ordgar. She married Edgar who died in 975, and was his second wife. Aelfthryth is sometimes credited with organizing, or being part of, a 978 assassination of her stepson Edward "the Martyr" so that her 10-year-old son Ethelred II "the Unready" could succeed."
http://womenshistory.about.com/library/bio/blbio_aelfthryth.htm
24-17
Thored
Ealderman GUNNARSSON
was born about 938 in Wessex, England.
24-19
Hugues
Magnus, Duke of FRANCE, COUNT OF PARIS, son of Robert I, King of France,
and Beatrice de Vermandois, was born about 898 in Paris, Isle de
France. He died on 17 Jun 956 in Dourdan, Isle de France. He was buried
in Abbaye de St. Denis, St. Denis, Isle de France. He married Hedwige (Hartwige),
Princess of The GERMANS before 14 Sep 938 in Mainz Oder, Ingelheim, Rhineland,
Germany.
"Hugh Magnus (perhaps title and not a surname) was leader of the first
Crusade. He was Duke of France and Burgundy, Marquis of Orleans, Count
of Amiens, Chaumont, Paris, Vermandois"
http://www.aemyers.net/genealogy/d0027/g0000089.html
24-20
Hedwige
(Hartwige), Princess of the GERMANS, daughter of Heinrich I, King of
the Germans, and Matilda, Countess of Ringelheim, was born about
922 in Saxony, Germany. She died on 10 May 965 in Aachen, Rheinland, Germany.
She was buried on 10 May 965.
24-21
Guillaume
III, Duke of AQUITAINE, COUNT OF POITIERS, son of Ebles II, de Poitiers,
and Elgiva, Princess of England, was born about 929 in Poitiers,
Aquitaine. He died on 3 Apr 963. He married Adèle (Gerloc) of NORMANDY.
24-22
Adèle
(Gerloc) of NORMANDY, daughter of Rollo Rognvaldsson, and Poppa, Duchess
of Normandy, was born about 897 in Normandie, Neustria. She died
after 14 Oct 962.
24-23
Raimond
III TOULOUSE was born about 917 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, France.
He married Garsinde.
24-24
Garsinde
was
born about 927 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, France.
24-25
Foulques
II "le Bon", Count Of ANJOU, son of Foulques I, Count of Anjou, and
Roscille de Loches, was born about 909 in Anjou, France. He died
on 11 Nov 958 in Tours, France. He married Gerberge du MAINE on 2 Mar 979.
"Ingelger's son Fulk [Foulque] I the Red [le Roux] rid the country of the Normans and enlarged his domains by taking part of Touraine. He died in 942, and under his successor, Fulk II 'the Good' [le Bon], the destruction caused by the preceding wars was repaired."
http://xenophongroup.com/montjoie/anjou.htm
24-26
Gerberge
du MAINE, COUNTESS OF ANJOU was born about 913 in Maine, France. She
died about 952.
24-27
Svyatoslav
I, Grand Duke of KIEV, son of Igor, Grand Duke of Kiev, and Olga,was
born in 942 in Kiev, Ukraine. He died in 972/973 in Kiev, Ukraine. He
had children by Malusha of LUBECH (not married).
"W.H.Turton, "The Plantagenet Ancestry" (Balt.:Gen. Pub. Co., 1968), p.
26, gives Sviastoslav as son of Igor of Kiev (d. 945) and Olga (d. 969),
and Igor as son of Rurik of Kiev (d. 879).} He was the first prince of
Kiev to attempt conquest beyond Russia proper, invading Bulgaria and taking
Preslav in 968; he was forced to withdraw in 972 and was killed in a battle
with the Petchenegs (employed by the Byzantines to attack him)."
http://www.aemyers.net/genealogy/d0007/g0000015.html#I1643
"He was the son of Igor I Rurikovich, prince of Kyiv and Olga, princess
from Pskov. He married Predslava. Their sons were Yaropolk, prince of Kyiv;
Oleg, prince of the Drevlyani. He had a mistress, Malysha, with whom he
had son, Vladimir I, prince of Kyiv. With his mother controling Kyiv, Svyatoslav
began his campaigns to expand Rus control over a wider tribute area, to
defeat the rival Khazars and even to attack the Byzantines. His first efforts
were directed along the Oka River in the Vyatichian lands. Learning that
this tribe paid tribute to the Khazars, he then mounted a remarkable campaign
clear to the Crimea, Volga and Kuban regions, defeating the Khazars in
battle in 965 and sacking their cities. But then he sought bigger prizes
in the Balkans. In 967 he campaigned to the Danube to attack the Bulgarians.
The Chronicle notes that he captured 80 towns along the Danube and established
residence at Peryeaslavets. The following year, while he was campaigning
in the Balkans the Pecheneg attacked and besieged Kyiv. Olga defended the
city and called for reenforcments from the north. The Pecheneg were bought
off before Svyatoslav returned. Then he launched a campaign to drive them
back into the Steppe. At that point he told his mother that he intended
to move to Peryeaslavets. Apparently he considered it would be a better
base of operations against Byzantium. She remonstrated and he delayed.
Svyatoslav waited until the death of his mother, Olga, in 969, to move
to Pereyaslavets.
He entrusted Kiev to his son Yaropolk and to his other son Oleg gave the conquered lands of the Drevliane which had been knuckled under by Olga in punishment for her slain husband. The teenage brothers were easily manipulated by the Warlord, Svenel'd, once the trusted druzhina captain of Prince Igor' who sought revenge on Oleg for murdering his son Lyuta when the lad had ventured onto the princes' land while hunting. He pitted one against the other and convinced Yaropolk to mount a campaign against Oleg and unite the Drevliane lands with that of Kiev. Fleeing his brother, Oleg was killed when he fell from the draw bridge at the gates of Ovruch. The intrigues continued resulting in Yaropolk's demise due to the third brother Vladimir's ascent to power. Vladimir had been sent with his uncle to be the prince at Novgorod. This enabled him to escape Yaropolk and obtain his own Varangian troops. But Svyatoslav's life at Peryeaslavets turned out badly. On his next campaign in the Balkans he found the Byzantines much reenforced and the Bulgarians also. The Bulgarians had retaken Pereyaslavets, so Svyatoslav had to besiege it. After initial setbacks Svyatoslav stormed the city. From there he marched against the Byzantines. The Emperor, John Tsimiskes, marched against him. They then signed a treaty in 971 in which Svyatoslav promised also not to attack Crimea or Bulgaria. On his return journey to Kyiv by boat up the Dnieper, Svyatoslav found that the Pecheneg controled the passage of the rapids. He waited over the winter and then, against good advice, tried to continue in 972. The Pecheneg ambushed him, killing him and most of his druzhina. Kurya, the Pecheneg ruler made a drinking cup out of Svyatoslav's skull."
http://www.xenophongi.org/rushistory/rulers/svyatoslav1.htm
24-28
Malusha
of LUBECH, daughter of Malk of Lubech, was born about 944 in Kiev,
Ukraine.
24-29
Rognwald
(Rogvolod), Count of POLOTSK was born about 936 in Russia.
24-31
Erik
VIII "Seiersal" "Victorious" BJORNSSON, KING OF SWEDEN, son of Bjorn
Eriksson, King of Sweden, was born about 930 in Sweden. He died
in 994/995 in Uppsala, Sweden. He married Swietoslava Or Sygryda, PRINCESS
OF POLAND about 985.
24-32
Swietoslava
or Sygryda, PRINCESS OF POLAND, daughter of Miesz I, Prince of Poland,and
Dubravka, Princess of Bohemia, was born about 970 in Poznan, Poland.
She died after 2 Feb 1014.
24-33
Mieceslas,
Prince of OBOTRITES, son of Mistui, Prince of Obotrites, was
born in 919 in Sweden. He died in 999. He married Sophia.
24-34
Sophia
was
born in 921 in Sweden.
24-35
Albert
I the Pious, Count of VERMANDOIS, son of Herbert II, Count of Vermandois
and Hildebrante, Princess of France, was born about 915 in Vermandois,
Neustria. He died on 7 Sep 978 in St. Quentin, Flandres. He was buried
in St. Quentin, Flandres. He married Gerberge, Princess of LORRAINE before
954 in France.
24-36
Gerberge,
Princess of LORRAINE, daughter of Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine and Gerberge,
Queen of France, was born about 925 in Lorraine.
24-37
Reinald,
Count of BAR was born about 920 in Vermandois, Normandy, France
24-39
Bernard
"The Dane" HARCOURT was born about 860 in Normandy, France. He died
about 955. He married Sprote BOURGOYNE about 899.
"The family of Harcourt, illustrious on both sides of the Channel, is fairly enough shown by La Roque to have descended from Bernard the Dane, Governor and Regent of Normandy"
http://www.patpnyc.com/conq/harcourt.shtml
24-40
Sprote
BOURGOYNE was born about 908 in Normandy, France.
24-41
Lancelot
de BRIOQUIBEC was born about 905 in Normandy, France.
24-43
Gautier
I, Count of VEXIN was born about 919 in Vexin, Normandy, France. He
died about 944. He married Adele in June 948.
24-44
Adele
was
born about 924 in Vexin, Normandy, France.
24-45
Bormard
de SENLIS was born about 919 in France.
24-47 Brian Boroimhe (Brian Boru), King of IRELAND, son of Ceinnedigh, was born about 941 in Ireland. He died in 1013.
"The once High King of Ireland, Brian Boru has gained an almost mystical
status in Irish history as the last great king of Ireland to influence
the future of the Irish people and being responsible for the expulsion
of the Vikings from Ireland in the eleventh century.
He was born in 940 AD, brother to the King of Munster (Mahon) and used
his position to argue against his brother's attempts to make peace with
the then invading Vikings.
After years of attacks upon the Vikings, Brian was able to gain the support
of his brother Mahon and together they defeated the Viking leader, Ivar,
and forced the Viking's from southern Ireland. A period of relative tranquility
followed before Ivar returned and managed to slay Mahon. This allowed Brian
to take the throne of Munster and control of most of Southern Ireland.
With the help of the King of Meath who was also leading attacks against
Viking strongholds in the North of Ireland, they managed to expel the Vikings
from large areas of Ireland allowing Brian to take the title "High King
(Ard Ri) of Ireland". However, taking this title was not welcomed by all,
and the King of Leinster, Maelmordha, sided with the Vikings who, combined
with other rivals, brought together a formidable army.
Both Brian's army and the Vikings faced each other for a great battle at
Clontarf, a small fishing village at the northern edge of Dublin Bay on
Good Friday, 1014 AD. This is recorded in the history books as the "Battle
of Clontarf". With an estimated 12,000 men behind him, Brian faced an equal
number of Vikings as they fought for total control of Ireland.
The battle lasted an entire day, with both sides gaining and then loosing
the advantage throughout the day, even though the Vikings should have had
the upper hand with their superior armour and weapons. However, the valiant
Irish fought well and by evening it was clear the Vikings were losing against
the Irish forces. Yet with the end in sight, a small group of Vikings managed
to pass the Irish defence and reach the High King's tent and although the
Vikings were killed, they managed to reach the High King and strike a fatal
blow.
Once the battle was over, the Vikings were indeed defeated and the Irish
natives gained control of Ireland. An estimated four thousand Irish men
died during the battle, including Brian Boru, but the defeat of the Vikings
on that day resulted in their expulsion from Ireland. Without the leadership
of Brian, the Irish clans quickly returned to feuding amongst themselves,
but the Battle of Clondarf is seen as a decisive moment in Irish history."
http://www.2beirish.com/2be/about_ireland/famous_people/
24-49
Donncuan,
King of LEINSTER, son of Dunlaing, was born about 950 in Ireland.
He died in 1018.
"The text of the annals merely states that following the raid on Leinster,
Maelsechlainn proceeded to appoint Donncuan, Dunlaing mac Tuathail's son,
as provincial king. In the following year Donncuan with his ally, Ua Riain,
were slain."
http://homepage.tinet.ie/~nobyrne/Rise_of_Gabhal_Raghnall.htm
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